1. Introduction
On Friday, November 22, 1963, at 12:30 pm, the 35th US President, John F. Kennedy, was assassinated in Dealey Plaza, Dallas, Texas, during a campaign visit (
Figure 1). The Warren Commission (led by Chief Justice Earl Warren of the US Supreme Court in 1963) accused left-wing radical Lee Harvey Oswald of assassinating President Kennedy and concluded that he acted alone
. The killer fired from the 6th floor window of the Texas School Book Depository Building.
However, over the years, Americans have become increasingly skeptical of the Warren Commission's findings. It is not surprising that there have been alternative investigations such as the "Garrison Commission" (1966), the "Rockefeller Commission" (1975), the "Commission of the US House Committee of Representatives" (1976), the "Frank Church Senate Commission" (1977), and the special report of the US House Committee on Assassinations (2017). After all these commissions, confidence in the Warren Commission's findings has significantly decreased. For example, a Newsweek poll in 1983, taken on the 20th anniversary of the assassination, showed that 74 percent of Americans believed that "others were involved," while only 11 percent thought Oswald acted alone
.
Figure 1. The presidential limousine moments before the tragedy (from left to right): President John F. Kennedy, his joyful wife Jacqueline, Texas Governor John Connally, his wife Nellie, head of the presidential security team Roy Kellerman, and Secret Service agent William Greer (he is the driver) (Source: Historical/Corbis via Getty Images).
It should be noted that some of the new Commissions were very critical of the work of the Warren Commission. The Church Commission (1977) concluded that the Warren Commission’s “investigation of the assassination was deficient and that facts that might have substantially affected the course of the investigation were not provided to the Warren Commission”
. It is important to clarify that the new US President, Lyndon Johnson, quickly handed over the entire investigation to the FBI and CIA, making Edgar Hoover and Allen Dulles the de facto heads of the Warren Commission
. I. e., the “shadow bosses” of the Warren Commission were former CIA chief Allen Dulles (whom Kennedy had recently fired) and FBI chief Edgar Hoover (with whom John Kennedy had an obvious feud; a documentary was even made about this feud)
. The FBI, from the beginning, considered only the version that Oswald was the killer without accomplices. In the 1964 Warren Report on Kennedy's assassination, namely Hoover was firm in stating that he hadn't seen "any scintilla of evidence" suggesting a conspiracy. In a telephone conversation with President Johnson on November 24, 1963, Hoover said, "The thing I am concerned about... is having something issued so we can convince the public that Oswald is the real assassin"
. Nicholas Katzenbach, the deputy attorney general at the time, who was behind the creation of the Warren Commission, wrote in a memo on Nov. 25, 1963, for the Warren Commission, that "the public must be satisfied that Oswald was the assassin; that he did not have confederates who are still at large; and that evidence was such that he would have been convicted at trial"
.
The US House Select Committee on Assassinations stated in 2017: "Rather than addressing all significant circumstances, including all possibilities of conspiracy, the FBI investigation focused narrowly on Lee Harvey Oswald"
, p. 243. And further it came to the conclusion
, p. 244: “The Committee further concluded that the critical early period of the FBI's investigation was conducted in an atmosphere of considerable haste and pressure from Hoover to conclude the investigation in an unreasonably short period of time. The committee also noted that Hoover's personal predisposition that Oswald had been a lone assassin affected the course of the investigation, adding to the momentum to conclude the investigation after limited consideration of possible conspiratorial areas." And further: “The Committee also concurred with other House and Senate committees that the FBI failed to cooperate fully with the Warren Commission. The committee found the Bureau's relationship with the Commission to have been distinctly adversarial and that there were limited areas in which the FBI did not provide complete information to the Commission and other areas in which the Bureau's information was misleading.”
Thus, in reality the JFK assassination was investigated by the "Hoover-Dulles Commission" but not the Warren Commission.
2. Discussion
2.1. Who Was Standing at the Entrance to the Texas School Book Depository Building
Figure 2. Photo No. 6 by Ike Altgens: picture after the first wounding of President Kennedy.
Associated Press photojournalist Ike Altgens took an important picture at the Kennedy assassination site. The photo (
Figure 2) was captured as the presidential car turned the corner and passed the gates of the Texas School Book Depository Building. This moment corresponds to approximately the 255th frame of the famous Zapruder film
. At least one shot had already been fired by this time. The frame shows the President's open dark blue Lincoln in front; an open black Cadillac behind it with the President's guards on the outside running boards, accompanied by Dallas police motorcycle riders. A crowd of people is visible on the sidewalk near the Book Depository on the left side of the frame. The guards had already noticed something was wrong; Agents John Reedy and Paul Landis, standing on the right (in the direction of travel), simultaneously glanced back over their right shoulders, while agents on the left, Sam Kinney and Clint Hill, looked ahead toward the interior of the President's car. The two motorcyclists riding on the left (on the right in the picture) were also anxiously looking at the President's Lincoln.
The most unexpected discovery was made much later when the photograph was studied by various commissions. When the gates of the book depository in the photograph (
Figure 3) were enlarged, it was revealed that Lee Harvey Oswald, who allegedly shot from the 6th-floor window, was standing next to the gate at that moment. While some witnesses saw a rifle in the sixth-floor window of the Texas School Book Depository when the shots were fired, no witness saw Lee Harvey Oswald firing from the window. Many witnesses only saw Oswald leaving the building shortly after the shooting, although some reports differ on the details
. Given all this, the images in
Figure 3 raise the question: were all persons standing at the gate and nearby in
Figure 3 identified and questioned by the Warren Commission?
2.2. Were There Two Different Rifles Belonging to Oswald, or Was It the Same One
On the 6th floor of the book depository, a sniper rifle (an Italian single-action rifle "Carcano" with a telescopic sight, caliber 6.5 mm) was found (
Figure 4, right) without any fingerprints, along with 3 spent cartridges (also without fingerprints). In other words, Oswald disassembled and reassembled his Carcano using his bare hands, managing not to leave fingerprints but leaving a faint trace of his palm. When Oswald's house was searched, a photo was found of him standing with this rifle in his hand (
Figure 4, left). However, it was later discovered that Oswald in the photo was actually standing with a different model of "Carcano," slightly longer than the "depository rifle," with a different sling mount
.
Figure 4. Two Oswald rifles.
2.3. A Magical "Lone Bullet" Penetrates Through All the Numerous Obstacles
Since three shell casings were found on the 6th floor of the depository where the shots were fired, the Warren Commission concluded that Oswald had fired three shots. The Commission found that President Kennedy was hit by the first shot in the upper back and that this bullet exited through the neck. Governor Connally was hit by the same first bullet "on its way out" - in the back, right wrist, and left hip. The trajectory of this bullet was named “single bullet theory.” Another bullet, the Warren Commission concluded, hit the President in the back of the head and exited through the throat - this shot proved fatal. And another bullet apparently missed. The trajectory of the “single bullet” is shown in
Figure 5.
Figure 5. The trajectory of the bullet of the 1st shot according to the Warren Commission version.
The diagram, on the left (in the back seat) is President Kennedy’s contour, and on the right (in the "middle" seat, it is slightly lower in the limousine) is Governor Connally’s contour.
(Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-bullet_theory)
Figure 6. Bullet found on stretcher at Parkland Memorial Hospital (It is registered evidence CE#399).
The miraculous bullet passed through President Kennedy's back and neck into Governor Connally's chest, then through his right wrist, and embedded itself in Connally's left hip. In other words, this bullet traversed at least 16 inches (40 cm) of muscle tissue and numerous layers of clothing, damaged bones, and lodged itself in the hip. Astonishingly, the bullet itself fell out of Connally's hip onto a stretcher at Parkland Memorial Hospital. Remarkably, the bullet was almost undamaged
(
Figure 6).
But Governor Connally strenuously denied that he was hit by the same bullet that wounded the President. When questioned by the Warren Commission
, he firmly stated that he had been hit by a separate shot, and his wife, Nellie, added that her husband had been shot "from the other side of the warehouse"
| [13] | Connally, N., Herskowitz M. (2003) From Love Field: Our Final Hours with President John F. Kennedy. Rugged Land Publisher, 256 pages. |
[13]
. Several other witnesses testified that the shooting had come from "the other side," but the Warren Commission rejected all of their testimony. Additionally, in a later report of the US House Committee on Assassinations (1976)
, the following data is presented from a mass survey of all possible witnesses: 49 people heard shots from the direction of the book depository (behind the motorcade), 21 people heard shots from the direction of the grassy knoll (front-side), and 4 people testified that the shots were fired from two different points (also in front). In addition, two acoustics experts who examined the Dallas police Dictabelt recording of the Kennedy assassination said there was a 95 percent certainty that the recording revealed that four shots had been fired at the presidential motorcade
.
Two FBI agents, James Sibert and Francis O’Neill, attended the autopsy of President Kennedy’s body. However, neither Sibert nor O’Neill was interviewed by the Warren Commission. They were interrogated by Arlen Specter (one of the authors of the "single bullet theory"), the Warren Commission lawyer, but his interrogation report, FD 302, was classified. When the FD 302 report was declassified, the following passage was revealed: "The President's wound was between the shoulder blades, which was lower than the position of the neck wound, making for an upward trajectory - totally inconsistent with the idea of shots from sixty feet above and behind the President"
. In 1977, during an interview, FBI agent Francis O’Neill mentioned that he does not see how the bullets that entered below the shoulder in the back could have come out of the throat, contradicting the "single bullet theory"
.
Moreover, that's not the only issue with the “single bullet.” According to the President’s Commission
, Parkland Hospital senior engineer Darrell C. Tomlinson found this “single bullet” on a wheeled stretcher. He called for help from O. P. Wright, Parkland’s personnel director. After examining the bullet together, Mr. Wright passed it along to one of the U.S. Secret Service agents. This “single bullet” was then passed between agent multiple times. However, a declassified FBI AIRTEL 6/20/64 memorandum from the FBI office in Dallas to Edgar Hoover contains the statement
(see
Figure 7): “For information WFO (FBI Washington Field Office), neither Darrel C. Tomlinson, who found the bullet at Parkland Hospital, Dallas, nor O. P. Wright, Personnel Officer, Parkland Hospital, who obtained the bullet from Tomlinson and gave it to the Special Service, at Dallas 11/22/63, can identify the bullet.“ So the bullet recorded as C-1 (later renamed as CA#399) might not have been the one found on Connally's stretcher, and it might not even have been the bullet that wounded Kennedy and Connally.
Additionally, there is an earlier declassified FBI memo dated June 17, 1964 (
Figure 8), where Secret Service agent Richard Johnson and his Chief James Rowley (Washington, D.C.) declared that “rifle bullet “C-1” (later renamed as “CA#399”) was not positively identified at Dallas.”
.
To identify the “single bullet,” Commission tried to use the latest technology at that time, neutron activation analysis (NAA). This technique involves measuring minuscule levels of "impurities" that are commonly found in the bullet lead; typically, the levels of antimony (Sb), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu) are measured. However, this method has since been disproved as unsuitable for these purposes
There is another bullet for which there are no answers. James Thomas Tague stood by the bridge abutment on the north curb of Commerce Street. Soon after the shots were fired, Tague was approached by Dallas Detective Buddy Walthers, who noticed specks of blood on Tague's right cheek. The two men examined the area and discovered a "very fresh impact scar" on the upper, curved part of Main Street's south curb. They believed this indicated that a bullet had struck there and had taken a small chip out of the curb's concrete. The detective told Tague that it appeared a bullet had been fired from either the Texas School Book Depository or the neighboring Dal-Tex Building (but in this case the shooter wasn't Oswald!). However, the Commission developed the "single bullet" theory three months before Tague testified, and this "Tague bullet" went uninvestigated
.
2.4. Did the Lone Sniper Oswald Shoot President Kennedy from All Sides
The Warren Commission obtained valuable amateur film footage taken by Dallas resident Abraham Zapruder, capturing the moments when the presidential limousine was shot at. An independent expert group conducted a frame-by-frame analysis of the film (see: https://www.assassinationresearch.com/zfilm/). Look at frame 270 (
Figure 9): President Kennedy had already been hit in the back by the first bullet, his head had fallen onto his chest, and his wife Jacqueline was leaning towards him.
Figure 9. Frame 270 of the Zapruder film. The sniper's first shot has just hit president Kennedy.
(Source: https://www.assassinationresearch.com/zfilm/)
Now, let's look at frames 320 and 372 (
Figure 10 and further
Figure 11) of the Zapruder film: President Kennedy's head and body are thrown back, giving the appearance that the shot from the rifle came from the front and possibly the side. This can suggest that in this case Oswald was not the shooter. However, the medical panel of the Warren Commission explains, "The majority of the panel believes that there is a possibility that this movement may have been caused by a neurologic response to the massive brain damage caused by the bullet."
Figure 10. Frame 320 of the Zapruder film. A next sniper (was it the same sniper or another one?) shot throws president Kennedy's head back.
(Source: https://www.assassinationresearch.com/zfilm/)
Figure 11. Frame 372 of the Zapruder film (a) and photo No. 7 by Ike Altgens (b).
a) The mortally wounded president lies down in the back seat; his shocked wife, Jacqueline, climbs onto the trunk in search of a piece of her husband's skull, torn off by a sniper's bullet right before her eyes; Secret Service agent Clint Hill runs after the accelerating car and tries to jump onto it.
b) The limousine carrying fatally wounded John Kennedy speeds to the hospital a few seconds after the shots were fired; the president and his wife, Jacqueline, are already lying down on the back seat; Secret Service agent Clint Hill leans over them, protecting them from possible further shots.
(Unfortunately, President Kennedy insisted that all of his security detail be in the Cadillac following his limousine so that the agents wouldn't block him from the cheering crowd.)
So, there exists a probability of a neurological reaction, but not a probability of a shot from another shooter in front? However, probabilities are never 100%. If we assume the "probability of a neurological reaction" is 60%, then where does the other 40% go? Then we must consider that the remaining 40% is the probability of the presence of a second shooter.
Look at the diagram in
Figure 12, which shows the Elm Street School Library Depository Building from which Oswald fired on the 6th floor. As seen in
Figure 12, all of Oswald's shots could only hit their victims from behind.
(The building of the school library warehouse on Elm Street, from which Oswald fired, is marked with a red square; black arrows show the route of the motorcade; red crosses indicate the street places where Kennedy was hit by bullets.)
Figure 13. This is a photo taken by a witness, Mary Moorman.
The car of the US President at the time of the assassination attempt, the President has already been wounded; the man presumably shooting from the grassy knoll is marked with a small red circle (in the center above the concrete parapet)
(Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Moorman_photo_of_JFK_assassination.jpg)
2.5. Did Someone Shoot at the President from a Grassy Knoll
Mary Ann Mooreman was one of the closest witnesses to the Kennedy assassination. Mooreman stated she heard a shot as the limousine passed her, then heard another two shots, "pow-pow," when the president's head exploded. Mooreman reported hearing Mrs. Kennedy cry out, "My God, he has been shot," and saw clouds of smoke from the grassy knoll. She also took an important picture with her camera. Her photograph (
Figure 13) shows a man (head and upper body, full face) above the fence pointing a gun at the presidential car; if you zoom in a lot, you can even see the muzzle flash (unfortunately, the image is very fuzzy)
.
The grassy knoll was a very convenient position for shooting at the president's limousine. In the Warren Commission and other later commissions, 21 individuals mentioned the knoll as the place where they heard another shot.
2.6. How Many Entries and Exits Bullet Wounds Were There on President Kennedy's Body
Тhere is some uncertainty surrounding the second, fatal wound to President Kennedy. Dr. Charles Crenshaw was the surgeon on duty at Parkland Hospital on November 22, 1963. In his book, he wrote
| [25] | Crenshaw C. A. JFK: conspiracy of silence. 1992, NY, Signet, 205 pages. |
[25]
, "The telephone call informed us that President Kennedy had been shot and was enroute to the hospital. While assisting the other doctors, I observed a small hole in the middle of the President's throat, about the size of a fingernail. This was the entry wound of the bullet. Since this wound was obstructing President Kennedy's breathing, Dr. Malcolm Perry decided to perform a tracheotomy at the site of the bullet entry in an attempt to save his life."
By performing the tracheotomy, Dr. Perry inadvertently eliminated the possibility of determining the truth about the wound. During a press conference at Parkland Hospital later that day, Dr. Perry stated, "The entry wound was in the throat. It looks like it came in from the front." The Warren Commission's official report noted that Dr. Perry had mentioned the frontal neck wound as an entrance wound multiple times during the press conference. However, medical researchers believe that ER doctors often make errors in distinguishing between entrance and exit wounds. Both Dr. Perry and Dr. Carrico, the other attending ER doctor, later testified at the Warren Commission hearing that with a full jacketed bullet, the wound in the front of the throat could have been either an entrance or exit wound. Considering the theory of probability, the Warren Commission's conclusion that the President's throat wound was the exit wound of a bullet has a 50% probability, not 100%
]. In that case, the probability that the second (fatal) shot at the President was fired a second (unknown) shooter from the front are 50% also!
Figure 14 shows two sketches drawn by two independent witnesses who were present at Parkland Hospital from the moment the stretcher carrying President Kennedy's body first appeared there. Dr. Robert McClelland's sketch is on the right
, and FBI agent Francis O'Neill's sketch is on the left
. Both, on their own initiative and at different times without communicating with each other, sketched President Kennedy's head, indicating the two entry and two exit wounds from the two bullets that struck Kennedy
.
From
Figure 14, it is obvious that in both diagrams, the first bullet (the famous "single bullet") has an entry wound on the back below the exit wound on the throat, which destroys the "single bullet theory". Also, in both diagrams, a large wound is indicated on the back of the skull, which is much more consistent with the exit wound of the second bullet. Unfortunately, neither Dr. Robert.
McClelland nor Francis O'Neill was questioned by the Warren Commission, and their diagrams were not included in the case of the assassination of President Kennedy. Instead of considering the possibility of the entry and exit wounds of the first bullet, which would disprove the “single bullet theory,” the Warren Commission developed an additional “JFK's/Connally’s jackets effect theory”
. In the Zapruder film, their jackets seemed to bulge outward upon being struck by a bullet. This outward movement of the jackets, combined with the bullet's trajectory, is a key element in the ["single bullet theory" + "jackets effect theory”] proposed by the Warren Commission. Newton together with Einstein would be envious!
2.7. Who Sent Gangster Ruby to Kill Oswald
However, the Warren Commission missed the opportunity to solve the Crime of the Century. During a live broadcast, Oswald was shot by a small-time mobster, Jack Ruby (
Figure 15). It is worth noting that Ruby freely entered the police department building and made his way through a rather long route inside the building without encountering any obstacles. Ruby knew the exact time and place of Oswald's appearance with a police escort, and all of this occurred just two days after the assassination of the US President, when security measures were significantly increased. After killing Oswald, Ruby went to prison, where he quickly died of cancer. It is quite remarkable how one assassination followed another. Ruby claimed that he killed Oswald to spare Jacqueline Kennedy from the ordeal of testifying at Oswald's trial. However, Oswald, who vehemently denied his guilt, died without investigation or trial. Ruby's motives for killing Oswald and the question of who directed Ruby remained unknown, despite him living in prison for over three years. One of the most crucial aspects of any criminal case is the verification of material evidence presented in court…
Figure 15. Jack Ruby (right) easily approached and shot Oswald, who was surrounded by Secret Service agents in the basement of the Dallas Police Department. (This is not a Hollywood movie - this is a terrifying reality!)
(The agent on the left in the light suit appeared dumbfounded and made no attempt to either cover Oswald or disarm the killer - not a great display of being “a good agent"!)
(Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Ruby#/media/File:Ruby_shoots_Oswald.jpg)
3. Conclusions
Today, more than 60 years later, there are still many unanswered questions:
1. Who really led the Kennedy assassination investigation in 1964-1965: Earl Warren or Edgar Hoover? To what extent did FBI Chief Edgar Hoover's rigid adherence to the "lone gunman" theory hinder an objective investigation into the JFK assassination?
2. Why are Oswald's "home rifle" in the photo and the "depository rifle" a little different? Why didn't the "depository rifle" have any of Oswald's fingerprints on it but had a faint trace of his palm?
3. How does a three-centimeter-long (1.2") copper-jacketed lead-core rifle bullet penetrate through a dozen layers of clothing, a dozen inches of human muscle, and damage several bones, and still remain almost intact? What was the wound on Connally's hip like - could the bullet have fallen out from there to the stretcher under its own weight?
4. The bullet that came out of the "depository rifle" and wounded President Kennedy and Governor Connolly (the so called “single bullet”), the bullet that was found on the stretcher at Portland Hospital, and the bullet recorded by the Warren Commission as “CA#399” - are they the same bullet? Why don't at least 4 witnesses admit it (about which there are FBI memos)?
5. The bullet holes on President Kennedy's body are crucial to both the "single bullet theory" and the "lone shooter theory." However, there are witnesses and their sketches that at the very least do not support either theory. Why weren't James Sibert, Francis O'Neill, and Dr. Robert McClelland formally questioned by the Warren Commission? Why weren't their sketches included in the case?
6. What bullet struck the abutment next to witness James Thomas Tague? Was it found? Was it identified? Who was the shooter?
7. In frame 320 of the Zapruder film, the President's head jerked back sharply. Why do we need to come up with unthinkable mathematical-physical-biological theories to prove that if a bullet hit the President's head from behind, then his head should also jerk back, contrary to Newton's Third Law? Why is it not additionally taken into account that the extensive destruction of the back of the President's skull does not at all resemble the entry point of a bullet?
8. The fuzzy figure in the photograph of witness Mary Moorman (
Figure 12) – was she searched for, identified, and interviewed by the Warren Commission? Grassy Knoll is a significant location, in the Warren Commission and other later Commissions, many people mentioned the knoll as the place where they heard another shot.
9. Jack Ruby declared the motive for Oswald's murder was "in order to spare Jacqueline Kennedy from having the ordeal of testifying at Oswald's trial." Did the Warren Commission really believe this nonsense? If not, were Ruby's real motives, connections and contacts clarified? After all, he lived in prison for more than 3 years after the murder...
After the conclusions: new the lone shooters, new the unanswered questions
American author and historian, Pulitzer Prize-winning Taylor Branch wrote
, “President Kennedy was appalled to learn that there were only a dozen FBI agents targeted against organized crime, and it annoyed him almost beyond endurance that Mr. Hoover still denied the very existence of organized crime.” After this, JFK assigned US Attorney General Robert Kennedy (JFK's brother) to oversee the FBI. But for FBI Chief Edgar Hoover, this situation was unacceptable: he himself supervised the previous US Attorney General, and not they him. Robert Kennedy was complaining to his brother-president he wanted a different FBI Director, that he could control. T. Branch wrote further, “Shortly after Robert Kennedy took over the Justice Department, he found himself at loggerheads with FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover.”
During this period, Hoover, still ignoring the US mafia, began to persecute one of the most prominent leaders in the US civil rights movement, Martin Luther King, who actively supported the political activities of the Kennedy brothers. Hoover tried to weave a grand international conspiracy: "Soviet Communist Party - Martin Luther King - Kennedy brothers." Moreover, J. Edgar Hoover worked closely with Sam (Momo) Giancana, Al Capone's mobster heir in Chicago, who allegedly served as his informant
.
Figure 16. Report of JFK's adviser Arthur Schlesinger Jr.’s “Memorandum for the President; Subject: CIA Reorganization” (title page).
(Source: https://www.archives.gov/files/research/jfk/releases/2025/0318/176-10033-10145.pdf)
Hoover, who was almost 70 during JFK’s presidency, tried repeatedly to seek the President’s approval to grant his request to stay on as FBI Director after he turned 70, to no avail. Hoover could lose all his power because of the Kennedys, and greatly resented it.
T. Branch wrote about Hoover's persecution of Martin Luther King
, "Because King had met personally with both Kennedy brothers..., Hoover informed congressmen that a guiding adviser to Martin Luther King lawyer Stanley Levison was a Kremlin agent." Here is more information on the King-FBI relationship: “In the last few months of King’s life, the FBI intensified its efforts to discredit him and “to neutralize”
| [31] | Senate Select Committee, Book III: Supplementary Detailed Staff Reports, 94th Cong., 2d sess., 1976, p. 85. |
[31]
. In April 1968, Martin Luther King was assassinated by the next “lone shooter” (James Earl Ray who escaped from a Missouri prison). Interestingly, Robert Kennedy, almost immediately after the King’s assassination, publicly compared and partially connected King's death with the death of his brother John Kennedy
| [32] | Robert F. Kennedy. "On the Mindless Menace of Violence." (1968) Speech of the US Senator and presidential candidate on April 5, 1968, the day after the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy%27s_speech_on_the_assassination_of_MartinLuther_King_Jr |
[32]
. Two months later, Robert Kennedy was also killed by the next-next "lone shooter" (a Palestinian Christian Sirhan).
Additionally, recently, in May 2025, the National Archives’ website posted a declassified file – a report of JFK's adviser Arthur Schlesinger Jr.’s June 30, 1961, “Memorandum for the President; Subject: CIA Reorganization” (see
Figure 16). After that, Roger Hilsman, the director of the State Department’s Bureau of Intelligence, required that the State Department exercise policy control over all aspects of the CIA's activity: intelligence, political, psychological, propaganda, paramilitary, and related covert activities
. And now we know that JFK was assassinated exactly 5 months after he announced his intentions to significantly reorganize the CIA and subordinate it to the State Department.
Now, the final question No. 3.10: Somehow there were too many "lone shooters" running around the Kennedy brothers and M. L. King (Osvald, Ruby, Ray, Sirhan), and at the same time, FBI’s and CIA’s "ears" are sticking out everywhere, aren't it right?
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